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    Lawrence E. Gibson, M.D.

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Question

Acrylic nails: Can they harm your natural nails?

Can I harm my natural nails by wearing acrylic nails every day?

Answer

from Lawrence E. Gibson, M.D.

Acrylic nails generally are safe and won't harm your natural nails. However, a serious problem that may result from acrylic nails is a nail infection.

Sometimes a gap develops between the acrylic nail and the natural nail — for example, if the acrylic nail is bumped or jarred, it may separate from the natural nail. This gap provides a moist, warm environment in which bacteria and fungi can grow. An infection may also occur if an acrylic nail is left in place for prolonged periods, or if the salon uses unsanitary tools to apply your nails. If an infection occurs, the natural nail may become thickened and discolored and should be evaluated by a dermatologist.

Rarely, a person may have an allergic reaction (contact dermatitis) to components of acrylic nails or the adhesives used to apply them. This usually results in some redness, swelling and pain around the nail. If it's excessive or persists, consult a dermatologist.

The key to preventing infection and nail damage due to artificial nails is to choose a reputable, licensed nail salon.

Choosing a safe nail salon — Questions you should ask
Is the salon licensed? If the license isn't posted, ask to see it.
Are the nail technicians licensed? If the licenses aren't posted, ask to see them.
How are nail implements sanitized? Heat sterilization (autoclaving) is best.
Is there a pre-service scrub? Both the nail technician and the client should wash their hands with antimicrobial soap before nail work begins.
Is each customer given a fresh bowl of soapy water to soak his or her nails in, and is a new nail file used for each customer? Consider bringing your own nail file, since nail files can't be sterilized.
Is the facility neat and clean?
Is there a strong smell of fumes? If there is, it's a sign that the facility is poorly ventilated.
Next question
Split fingernails: What causes them?
References
  1. Nail care products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/ProductandIngredientSafety/ProductInformation/ucm127068.htm. Accessed Nov. 22, 2009.
  2. Dahdah MJ, et al. Nail diseases related to nail cosmetics. Dermatologic Clinics. 2006;24:233.
  3. Rich P. Nail cosmetics. Dermatologic Clinics. 2006;24:393.
  4. Stubborn nail problems can improve from proper diagnosis, treatment by dermatologists. American Academy of Dermatology. http://www.aad.org/media/background/news/Releases/Stubborn_Nail_Problems_Can_Improve_From_Proper_Dia/. Accessed Nov. 22, 2009.
  5. Reducing air pollution from: Nail salons. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/air/community/guide/nail_salons_oo_sheet.pdf. Accessed Nov. 22, 2009.
  6. Gibson LE (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Dec. 7, 2009.

AN01261

Jan. 29, 2010

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