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Definition
By Mayo Clinic staffAlzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia — the loss of intellectual and social abilities severe enough to interfere with daily functioning. In Alzheimer's disease, healthy brain tissue degenerates, causing a steady decline in memory and mental abilities.
Alzheimer's disease is not a part of normal aging, but the risk of the disorder increases with age. About 5 percent of people between the ages of 65 and 74 have Alzheimer's disease, while nearly half the people over the age of 85 have Alzheimer's.
Although there's no cure, treatments may improve the quality of life for people with Alzheimer's disease. Those with Alzheimer's — as well as those who care for them — need support and affection from friends and family to cope.
- Alzheimer's disease fact sheet. National Institute on Aging. http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/adfact.htm. Accessed Oct. 31, 2008.
- Shadlen MF, et al. Evaluation of cognitive impairment and dementia. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 3, 2008.
- Caselli RJ, et al. The degenerative dementias: Alzheimer's disease. In: Goetz CG, et al. Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/109112945-3/0/1488/287.html. Accessed Nov. 3, 2008.
- Alzheimer's information: Causes. National Institute on Aging. http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/AlzheimersInformation/Causes/. Accessed Nov. 6, 2008.
- Shadlen MF, et al. Dementia syndromes. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 6, 2008.
- Basics of Alzheimer's disease: What it is and what you can do. Alzheimer's Association. http://www.alz.org/national/documents/brochure_basicsofalz_low.pdf. Accessed Nov. 6, 2008.
- Alzheimer's disease genetics fact sheet. National Institute on Aging. http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/geneticsfs.htm. Accessed Nov. 6, 2008.
- Shadlen MF, et al. Risk factors for dementia. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 6, 2008.
- Kelley BJ, et al. Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neurological Clinics. 2007;25:577.
- Late-stage care. Alzheimer's Association. http://www.alz.org/national/documents/brochure_latestage.pdf. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Dementia care practice recommendations for assisted living residences and nursing homes. Alzheimer's Association. http://www.alz.org/national/documents/brochure_DCPRphases1n2.pdf. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Neurological diagnostic tests and procedures. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/misc/diagnostic_tests.htm. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Press D, et al. Cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of dementia. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Press D, et al. Treatment of dementia. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Press D, et al. Prevention of dementia. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Natural medicines in the clinical management of Alzheimer's disease. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. http://www.naturaldatabase.com. Accessed Nov. 10, 2008.
- Alexander M, et al. Patient information: Alzheimer's disease. http://www.uptodate.com/patients/content/topic.do?topicKey=~eWpcYl7lC9LRwe. Accessed Nov. 10, 2008.
- Press D, et al. Future directions in dementia treatments. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
- Smith GE (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Nov. 19, 2008.
- DeKosky ST, et al. Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2008;19:2253.
