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Definition
By Mayo Clinic staffAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious neurological disease that causes muscle weakness, disability and eventually death. ALS is often called Lou Gehrig's disease, after the famous baseball player who died of it in 1941.
Worldwide, ALS occurs in one to three people per 100,000. An inherited form of the disease occurs in 5 to 10 percent of the cases. But in the vast majority of cases, doctors don't yet know why ALS occurs in some people and not in others.
ALS often begins with muscle twitching and weakness in an arm or leg, or with slurring of speech. Eventually, ALS affects your ability to control the muscles needed to move, speak, eat and breathe.
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/amyotrophiclateralsclerosis/detail_amyotrophiclateralsclerosis.htm. Accessed Sept. 18, 2008.
- Elman LB, et al. Clinical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 18, 2008.
- Maragakis NJ, et al. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 18, 2008.
- McCluskey L. Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 18, 2008.
- Neurological diagnostic tests and procedures. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/misc/diagnostic_tests.htm. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- ALS in the military: Unexpected consequences of military service. ALS Association. http://www.alsa.org/files/pdf/als_military_paper.pdf. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Elman LB, et al. Diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Galvez-Jimenez N, et al. Symptom-based management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Choudry RB, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Why is exercise important? In: Everyday Life With ALS: A Practical Guide. Muscular Dystrophy Association. http://www.als-mda.org/publications/everydaylifeals/ch8/. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Radunovic A, et al. Clinical care of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet Neurology. 2007;6(10):913-925.
- Lyon M. Reasons for living with ALS. ALS Association. http://www.alsa.org/patient/living.cfm?CFID=1025297&CFTOKEN=f8c064e9dbbd397-7B4C955C-188B-2E62-8049290070F4DFA9. Accessed Sept. 19, 2008.
- Good practice in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Clinical guidelines. An evidence-based review with good practice points. Umea, Sweden: EALSC Working Group. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. 2007;8:195-213.
- Crum BA (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Oct. 21, 2008.
