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Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of the lining of your digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea and even malnutrition.

The inflammation caused by Crohn's disease often spreads deep into the layers of affected bowel tissue. Like ulcerative colitis, another common IBD, Crohn's disease can be both painful and debilitating and sometimes may lead to life-threatening complications.

While there's no known medical cure for Crohn's disease, therapies can greatly reduce the signs and symptoms of Crohn's disease and even bring about long-term remission. With these therapies, many people with Crohn's disease are able to function well.

Symptoms
References
  1. Crohn's disease: Clinical features. In: Feldman M, et al. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Saunders Elsevier; Philadelphia, Pa.: 2006. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/144932667-3/0/1389/810.html?tocnode=51643270&fromURL=810.html#4-u1.0-B1-4160-0245-6..50113-X--cesec14_5163. Accessed June 21, 2009.
  2. Crohn's disease. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/crohns/. Accessed June 21, 2009.
  3. Crohn's disease. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/print/sec02/ch018/ch018b.html. Accessed June 17, 2009.
  4. Peppercorn MA. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and natural history of Crohn's disease in adults. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed June 16, 2009.
  5. Living with Crohn's disease. The Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. http://www.ccfa.org/frameviewer/?url=/media/pdf/crohns2005.pdf. Accessed June 17, 2009.
  6. Werman HA, et al. Ileitis, colitis, and diverticulitis. In: Tintinalli JE, et al. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, N.Y.: McGraw Hill; 2004. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=592744. Accessed June 21, 2009.
  7. Learning about Crohn's disease. National Human Genome Research Institute. http://www.genome.gov/pfv.cfm?pageID=25521854. Accessed June 17, 2009.
  8. Inflammatory bowel disease. In: Rakel RE, et al. Conn's Current Therapy 2008. 60th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/144932667-4/854785995/1621/261.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-4435-2..50133-3--cesec17_2085. Accessed June 21, 2009.
  9. Accutane (prescribing information). Nutley, N.J.: Roche. 2008. http://www.rocheusa.com/products/accutane/pi.pdf. Accessed June 23, 2009.
  10. Draganov PV. Colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: The search continues. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2009;15:61.
  11. Ingle SB, et al. The natural history of perianal Crohn's disease. Digestive and Liver Disease. 2007; 39:963.
  12. Piton G, et al. Big risk, small risk: Small bowel cancer in Crohn's disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. In press. Accessed June 23, 2009.
  13. Crohn's disease: Treatment. In: Feldman M, et al. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2006. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/144932667-3/0/1389/813.html?tocnode=51643292&fromURL=813.html#4-u1.0-B1-4160-0245-6..50113-X--cesec36_5185. Accessed June 21, 2009.
  14. Rutgeerts P, et al. Biological therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2009;136:1182.
  15. FDA approves new treatment for Crohn's disease. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Accessed June 23, 2009.
  16. FDA approves Cimzia to treat Crohn's disease. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Accessed June 23, 2009.
  17. FDA approves Tysabri to treat moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: Drug currently approved for use in treating some forms of multiple sclerosis. Accessed June 23, 2004.
  18. Diet and nutrition. Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. http://www.ccfa.org/info/diet. Accessed June 23, 2009.
  19. Markowitz J, et al. Patterns of complementary and alternative medicine use in a population of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2004;10:599.
  20. Enck P. Acupuncture treatment in gastrointestinal diseases: A systematic review. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2007;13:3417.
  21. Korzenik JR. Investigational therapies in the medical management of Crohn's disease. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed June 16, 2009.
  22. Picco MF (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Jacksonville, Fla. July 9, 2009.
  23. Follow-up to the June 4, 2008, early communication about the ongoing safety review of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers (marketed as Remicade, Enbrel, Humira, Cimzia and Simponi). Food and Drug Administration. Accesed August 4, 2009.

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