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continued:

Easy bruising: Common as you age

When bruises indicate more serious problems

Bruising may also indicate something more serious, such as a blood-clotting problem or a blood disease. See your doctor if:

  • You have unusually large or painful bruises, particularly if your bruises seem to develop for no known reason
  • You're bruising easily and you're experiencing abnormal bleeding elsewhere, such as from your nose, gums or intestinal tract
  • You have no history of bruising but suddenly experience bruises, particularly if you recently started a new medication

These signs and symptoms can indicate that you have low levels — or abnormal function — of platelets, components of blood that help it clot after an injury. To diagnose the cause of your bruising, your doctor may check your blood platelet levels or do tests that measure the ability of your blood to coagulate.

Other serious causes of bruising include domestic violence or abuse. If a loved one has an unexplainable bruise, particularly in an unusual location such as around the eye or face, inquire about the possibility of abuse.

Avoiding bruises

Once a bruise has formed, not much can be done to treat it. Most eventually disappear as your body reabsorbs the blood.

If swelling is associated with the bruising, applying a cold compress for 20 minutes at a time and elevating the affected area may help. After the swelling has gone down, a warm compress may speed removal of the blood.

To prevent minor bruising, eliminate household clutter that could cause bumps or falls. Long-sleeved shirts and pants may provide an extra layer of protection for your skin. Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun to help you avoid its aging effects and the increased bruising risk that may result.

If the sight of your bruises bothers you, try covering them with makeup until they've healed.

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References
  1. Skin care and aging. National Institute on Aging. http://www.niapublications.org/agepages/PDFs/Skin_Care_And_Aging.pdf. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  2. Coller BS, et al. Clinical evaluation of hemorrhagic disorders: The bleeding history and differential diagnosis of purpura. In: Hoffman R, et al. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/125159584-5/0/1854/1361.html?tocnode=56226558&fromURL=1361.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-443-06715-0..50123-0_4470. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  3. Mature skin. American Academy of Dermatology. http://www.aad.org/public/Publications/pamphlets/MatureSkin.htm. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  4. Ballas M, et al. Bleeding and bruising: A diagnostic work-up. American Family Physician. 2008;77:1117.
  5. Habif TP. Therapy and topical corticosteroids. In: Habif TP. Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide to Diagnosis and Therapy. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Mosby; 2004. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/125159584-17/0/1195/6.html?tocnode=51439871&fromURL=6.html#4-u1.0-B0-323-01319-8..50004-2_24. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  6. Korman NJ. Macular, papular, vesiculobullous and pustular diseases. In: Goldman E, et al. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier Saunders; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/125159584-21/0/1492/1558.html?tocnode=54631981&fromURL=1558.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2805-5..50470-5_20181. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  7. Fish oil. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. http://www.naturaldatabase.com. Accessed March 11, 2009.
  8. Ginkgo. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. http://www.naturaldatabase.com. Accessed March 11, 2009.

HQ00355

May 26, 2009

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