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Preparing for your appointment

By Mayo Clinic staff

You're likely to start by first seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred immediately to a specialist, like a neurologist or a doctor called an epileptologist, who specializes in treating epilepsy.

Because there's often a lot of ground to cover, it's a good idea to be well prepared for your appointment. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment, and what to expect from your doctor.

What you can do

  • Keep a detailed seizure calendar. Each time a seizure occurs, write down the time, the type of seizure it was and how long it lasted. Also make note of any unusual circumstances, such as increased stress, menstruation or other events that might trigger seizure activity. Seek input from people who may observe your seizures — including family, friends and co-workers — so that you can record information you may not know.
  • Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions. At the time you make the appointment, ask if there's anything you need to do in advance, such as restrict your diet.
  • Write down key personal information, including any major stresses or recent life changes.
  • Make a list of all medications, as well as any vitamins or supplements that you're taking.
  • Take a family member or friend along. Sometimes it can be difficult to soak up all the information provided to you during an appointment. Someone who accompanies you may remember something that you missed or forgot. Also, because you may not be aware of everything that happens when you are having a seizure, your doctor may want to ask questions of someone who has witnessed them.
  • Write down questions to ask your doctor.

Preparing a list of questions in advance will help you make the most of your time with your doctor. List your questions from most important to least important in case time runs out. For epilepsy, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:

  • What is likely causing my seizures?
  • Are there other possible causes?
  • What kinds of tests do I need?
  • Is my epilepsy likely temporary or chronic?
  • What is the best course of action?
  • What are the alternatives to the primary approach that you're suggesting?
  • How can I ensure that I don't hurt myself if I have another seizure?
  • I have these other health conditions. How can I best manage them together?
  • Are there any restrictions that I need to follow?
  • Should I see a specialist? What will that cost, and will my insurance cover it?
  • Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you're prescribing me?
  • Are there any brochures or other printed material that I can take home with me? What Web sites do you recommend?

In addition to the questions that you've prepared to ask your doctor, don't hesitate to ask questions during your appointment at any time that you don't understand something.

What to expect from your doctor
Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions:

  • When did you first begin experiencing seizures?
  • Do your seizures seem to be triggered by certain events or conditions?
  • Do you have similar sensations just before the onset of a seizure?
  • Have your seizures been frequent or occasional?
  • What symptoms do you have when you experience a seizure?
  • What, if anything, seems to improve your seizures?
  • What, if anything, appears to worsen your seizures?

What you can do in the meantime
Certain conditions and activities can trigger seizures, so it is best to:

  • Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
  • Avoid nicotine and recreational drug usage
  • Get enough sleep
  • Reduce stress

Also, it is important to start keeping a log of your seizures before you visit your doctor.

Tests and diagnosis Complications
References
  1. Seizures and epilepsy: Hope through research. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/epilepsy/detail_epilepsy.htm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  2. Schachter SC, et al. Overview of the management of epilepsy in adults. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  3. Wilfong A, et al. Overview of the classification, etiology, and clinical features of pediatric seizures and epilepsy. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  4. Boggs JG. Seizures and epilepsy in the elderly: Etiologies, clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  5. Information for healthcare professionals: Suicidal behavior and ideation and antiepileptic drugs. U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/InfoSheets/HCP/antiepileptics200812.htm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  6. Krumholz A, et al. Driving restrictions for patients with seizures and epilepsy. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  7. Feen ES, et al. Status epilepticus. Southern Medical Journal. 2008;101:400.
  8. Tomson T, et al. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: A review of incidence and risk factors. Epilepsia. 2005;46:54.
  9. Bell GS, et al. Drowning in people with epilepsy: How great is the risk? Neurology. 2008;71:578.
  10. First aid. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/firstaid/. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  11. Law enforcement/EMS response to seizures. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/professionals/emergency/index.cfm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  12. Schachter SC, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation therapy. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  13. Hirsch LJ, et al. Neuroimaging in the evaluation of seizures and epilepsy. http://uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  14. French JA, et al. Initial management of epilepsy. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359:166.
  15. About epilepsy: Epilepsy fact sheet. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/factsfigures.cfm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  16. Neurological diagnostic tests and procedures. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/misc/diagnostic_tests.htm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  17. Living with epilepsy: Tips for living. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/quickstart/newlydiagnosed/qsliving/idvtips.cfm. Accessed Feb. 2, 2009.
  18. Transportation. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/living/wellness/transportation/. Accessed March 2, 2009.
  19. Myoclonus fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myoclonus/detail_myoclonus.htm#105233160. Accessed March 3, 2009.
  20. Stroke: Hope through research. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/stroke/detail_stroke.htm. Accessed March 3, 2009.
  21. Browne TR, et al. Handbook of Epilepsy. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008:133.
  22. Cancer imaging. National Cancer Institute. http://imaging.cancer.gov/imaginginformation/cancerimaging/. Accessed March 5, 2009.
  23. Devinsky O. Epilepsy: Patient and family guide. 3rd ed. New York, N.Y.: Demos Medical Publishing; 2008:81.
  24. Treatment options: Ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/treatment/ketogenicdiet/ketoalone.cfm. Accessed March 24, 2009.
  25. Treatment options: Ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/treatment/ketogenicdiet/. Accessed March 24, 2009.
  26. Pre-surgical evaluation. Epilepsy Foundation. http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/about/treatment/surgery/evaluation.cfm. Accessed March 24, 2009.
  27. Spencer SS, et al. Multiple subpial transection for intractable partial epilepsy: An international meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2002;43:141.
  28. So EL. What is known about the mechanisms underlying SUDEP? Epilepsia. 2008;49:93.
  29. Neurontin (prescribing information.). New York, N.Y.: Pfizer Inc.; 2007. http://www.pfizer.com/products/rx/rx_product_neurontin.jsp. Accessed March 24, 2009.
  30. So E (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. March 24, 2009.

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