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By Mayo Clinic staffPeople with gout can develop more-severe conditions, such as:
- Recurrent gout. Some people may never experience gout signs and symptoms again. But others may experience gout several times each year. Medications may help prevent gout attacks in people with recurrent gout.
- Advanced gout. Untreated gout may cause deposits of urate crystals to form under the skin in nodules called tophi (TOE-fi). Tophi usually aren't painful, but they can become swollen and tender during gout attacks.
- Kidney stones. Urate crystals may collect in the urinary tract of people with gout, causing kidney stones. Medications can help reduce the risk of kidney stones.
References
- Gout. American College of Rheumatology. http://www.rheumatology.org/public/factsheets/diseases_and_conditions/gout.asp. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Gout. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec04/ch035/ch035b.html. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Becker MA. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of gout. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Becker MA. Treatment of acute gout. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Hayman S, et al. Gout: Is a purine-restricted diet still recommended? Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2009;109:1652.
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. http://www.health.gov/DietaryGuidelines/dga2005/document/default.htm . Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Demio PC. Gout. In: Rakel RE. Integrative Medicine. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/161368019-9/891013598/1494/112.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2954-0..50069-7--cesec4_3349. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Yu K-H, et al. Dietary factors associated with hyperuricemia in adults. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2008;37:243.
- Becker MA. Prevention of recurrent gout. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Mercier LR. Gout. In: Ferri FF. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/161368019-15/891042809/2088/271.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-323-05609-0..00016-2--sc0085_5557. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.
- Questions and answers about gout. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Gout/default.asp. Accessed Sept. 23, 2009.