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    Edward C. Rosenow III, M.D.

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Question

Hyperinflated lungs: What does it mean?

I recently saw my doctor for a persistent cough, and he ordered a chest X-ray. The radiologist noted slight hyperinflation of the lungs. What does this mean? Could it be emphysema?

Answer

from Edward C. Rosenow III, M.D.

Hyperinflation of the lungs as seen on a chest X-ray isn't a specific diagnosis. It's a subjective interpretation by the radiologist that may mean nothing, or it could be the result of the extra effort needed when told to take a deep breath and hold it. But your concern is understandable, and still, you do need to find out why you have a cough.

Hyperinflated lungs can be associated with a number of serious lung conditions, such as emphysema, asthma or lung cancer. Sometimes, especially in older men, normally functioning lungs may appear hyperinflated as a result of the effects of osteoarthritis on the bones in the rib cage. However, if your lungs are truly hyperinflated, you will be short of breath.

The only way to know whether you have something that causes truly hyperinflated lungs is to do a lung function test. If your lung function is normal, you don't have emphysema. If your lung function is abnormal, you should see a lung specialist to determine exactly what is going on.

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References
  1. Ferguson GT. Why does the lung hyperinflate? Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society. 2006;3:176.
  2. Winn RA, et al. Laboratory evaluation. In: Hanley ME, et al. Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Pulmonary Medicine. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2003. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=575293. Accessed Oct. 2, 2009.
  3. Rosenow EC (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Oct. 7, 2009.

AN00684

Dec. 3, 2009

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