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By Mayo Clinic staffIntrauterine insemination involves several steps before the actual procedure. First, your partner will provide a semen sample at the doctor's office. Similarly, a donor sperm vial can be thawed and prepared. Because nonsperm elements in semen can cause reactions in the woman's body that interfere with fertilization, the sample will be "washed" in a way that separates the highly active, normal sperm from lower quality sperm and other elements. The likelihood of achieving pregnancy increases by using a small, highly concentrated sample of healthy sperm.
Then, because the timing of IUI is so crucial, your doctor may monitor you for signs of impending ovulation using a transvaginal ultrasound, which is a machine that lets your doctor visualize your ovaries and egg growth. Alternatively, you may be asked to monitor yourself using an at-home urine ovulation predictor kit.
Just before ovulation, your body produces a surge or release of luteinizing hormone (LH). If you're coordinating IUI with your normal cycle, you'll go in for insemination the day after the LH surge. If you're using ovulation-inducing medications, you may be given an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to make you ovulate, and then go in for the insemination the next day.