Acute liver failure

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Definition Symptoms Causes Risk factors When to seek medical advice

Tests and diagnosis Complications Treatments and drugs Prevention

Definition

Acute liver failure is a medical emergency that occurs when your liver rapidly loses its ability to function. Most often, liver failure develops slowly over the course of years, usually due to long-term alcohol use or infection with the hepatitis virus. But acute liver failure can develop in a matter of days.

Many cases of acute liver failure follow an acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Less commonly, acute liver failure results from a viral infection, poisoning or an underlying condition affecting blood flow in your liver.

The first goal in treating acute liver failure is to manage the problems caused by a failing liver, such as the buildup of toxins in your bloodstream. Then, your liver may be able to heal on its own, or you may need a liver transplant to make a recovery.

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Symptoms