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By Mayo Clinic staffMost serious complications of malaria are associated with infection by P. falciparum. Among the complications are:
- Anemia. This can result from extensive destruction of red blood cells.
- Cerebral malaria. If parasite-filled blood cells block small blood vessels to your brain (cerebral malaria), swelling of your brain or brain damage may occur.
Other complications may include:
- Breathing problems, at times severe in the form of accumulated fluid in your lungs (pulmonary edema)
- Dehydration
- Liver failure
- Kidney failure
- Enlarged spleen
If untreated, P. falciparum malaria can be fatal within a matter of hours.