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By Mayo Clinic staffPemphigus is characterized by blisters on your skin and mucous membranes. The blisters rupture easily, leaving open sores, which may ooze and become infected. The signs and symptoms of the three main types of pemphigus differ depending on the type:
- Pemphigus vulgaris. The most common form, pemphigus vulgaris usually begins with blisters in your mouth, which then erupt on your skin. Blisters can also break out on the mucous membranes of your genitals. The blisters typically are painful, but don't itch.
- Pemphigus foliaceus. This type doesn't usually affect mucous membranes. The blisters, which usually begin on your face and scalp and later erupt on your chest and back, usually aren't painful. They tend to be crusty and itchy.
- Paraneoplastic pemphigus. This form, which may be associated with a malignancy, causes painful sores on your mouth and lips and in your esophagus, as well as skin lesions. This form of pemphigus can also cause lesions in your lungs, resulting in progressive lung disease and making it difficult for you to breathe (dyspnea).