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  • With Mayo Clinic obstetrician and medical editor-in-chief

    Roger W. Harms, M.D.

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Question

H1N1 flu (swine flu) and pregnancy: Are special precautions necessary?

I'm pregnant and am concerned about swine flu. What should I do if I think I may have swine flu?

Answer

from Roger W. Harms, M.D.

The combination of H1N1 influenza (swine flu) and pregnancy is potentially risky. If you're pregnant and think you may have H1N1 flu or you've had close contact with someone who has known or suspected H1N1 flu, contact your doctor immediately. He or she may recommend treatment with an antiviral medication known to be effective against the virus — oseltamivir (Tamiflu), which can be taken in pill or liquid form, or, less often, zanamivir (Relenza), which must be inhaled. Ideally, the medication should be started within 48 hours of developing symptoms.

Although the specific effects of H1N1 flu and pregnancy are unknown, anyone at high risk of complications from seasonal flu is thought to be at high risk of complications from H1N1 flu — including pregnant women.

Pregnancy puts extra stress on your heart and lungs. Pregnancy can also affect your immune system. These factors increase the risk not only of getting the flu but of developing serious complications of the flu, such as pneumonia and respiratory distress. In turn, flu complications may lead to miscarriage, premature labor or other pregnancy problems.

The symptoms of H1N1 flu are similar to those of seasonal flu, including fever, cough, sore throat and body aches. Although researchers haven't studied the safety of oseltamivir and zanamivir during pregnancy, for most women the benefits of preventing serious illness or complications from H1N1 flu outweigh any potential risks of the medication. It's also important to rest as much as you can and drink plenty of fluids.

Next question
H1N1 flu (swine flu): Can you catch it twice?
References
  1. Pregnant women and novel influenza A (H1N1) considerations for clinicians. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/clinician_pregnant.htm. Accessed May 19, 2009.
  2. Interim guidance on antiviral recommendations for patients with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection and their close contacts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/recommendations.htm. Accessed May 19, 2009.

AN02006

May 28, 2009

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