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  • With Mayo Clinic medical oncologist

    Timothy Moynihan, M.D.

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Question

Tumor vs. cyst: What's the difference?

What's the difference between a tumor and a cyst? Could a cyst be cancerous?

Answer

from Timothy Moynihan, M.D.

Tumors and cysts are two distinct entities.

  • Cyst. A cyst is a sac that may be filled with air, fluid or other material. A cyst can form in any part of the body, including bones, organs and soft tissues. Most cysts are noncancerous (benign). It's important to note, however, that nearly all cancers can produce cysts.
  • Tumor. A tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue. Like a cyst, a tumor can form in any part of the body. A tumor can be benign or cancerous (malignant).

To determine whether a cyst or tumor is benign or malignant, a sample of the affected tissue — or, in some cases, the entire suspicious area — is removed and studied under a microscope. This is known as a biopsy.

Next question
Atypical cells: Are they cancer?
References
  1. Dictionary of cancer terms: C. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/templates/db_alpha.aspx?expand=C. Accessed Oct. 2, 2008.
  2. Dictionary of cancer terms: T. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/templates/db_alpha.aspx?expand=T. Accessed Oct. 2, 2008.
  3. Dictionary of cancer terms: B. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/templates/db_alpha.aspx?expand=B. Accessed Oct. 2, 2008.

AN00463

Jan. 9, 2009

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